Library Organization
Studio voor Elektronische Muziek (STEM)
Utrecht studio founded 1960 on Philips' Eindhoven equipment, renamed Institute of Sonology in 1967.
Founded at Utrecht University on 1 September 1960, inheriting equipment from the Philips Research Laboratories studio in Eindhoven, the Studio voor Elektronische Muziek (STEM) was directed successively by Roelof Vermeulen, Henk Badings, and — from 1964, arriving from Cologne’s WDR studio — Gottfried Michael Koenig, under whom it was renamed the Institute of Sonology in 1967.