Composers Inside Electronics

Formed by David Tudor in 1973, Composers Inside Electronics brought together John Driscoll, Paul DeMarinis, Phil Edelstein, Linda Fisher, Ralph Jones, Martin Kalve, and video artist Bill Viola to collaboratively realize Rainforest IV — an “electroacoustic environment” Tudor conceived but that took shape through each member’s own homemade circuitry, treating the group’s collective live-electronics practice as central to the work itself. Active through the late 1970s and into 1981, the ensemble reformed in 1996 for Tudor’s memorial and has continued intermittently since under founding members Driscoll and Edelstein.